Series

·  Automatic Power Factor Correction  regulator, fully controlled by microprocessor.

·   Three-phase Voltage measurement input, separated by the feed input.

·   2 serial interfaces (1 RS232 port and 1 RS485 port ) for set-up,  remote control, checking and automatic test by means of a PC.

·   Internal temperature.sensor

·   Programmable input for sensing outdoor temperature (NTC) or for digital input.

·   Data watch equipped with events counter.

·   Advanced functions (measurement of capacitor current overload, FFT (harmonic spectrum) on current and voltage up to 31st harmonic, weekly Power Factor Correction average, storage of the max. values and storage of harmonic events).

 5÷240 Seconds

 Main

 Inductive Load

 Capacitive Load

1.00  CONTROLLER MANUAL

1.1  GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.2 FRONT PANEL

 1.3 INSTALLATION

Install the controller according to the wiring diagrams, taking care to connect the CT on the correct phase.

The controller automatically recognizes the CT current flow. In case of co-generation systems, disable this function (refer to “Advanced menu set-up” section) and connect the CT correctly.

The CT secondary must be earthed/grounded.

1.4 CONNECTIONS CONTROL

At the first power up, the PFCS displays view --- which means no parameter has been programmed yet.

In these conditions, a manual test of the steps can be conducted to check the connections.

By pressing the + or - key, the steps are connected or disconnected.

WARNING! During this phase, the step control is totally manual and the unit does not control the reconnection time to consent the capacitor discharge.

 1.5 PARAMETER SET-UP

 There are a number of ways to set up the parameters and commission the controller to operate properly, as follows:

 1.6  MANUAL KEYPAD SET-UP

1.7 TABLE OF BASIC MENU PARAMETERS

1.8 DESCRIPTION OF BASIC MENU PARAMETERS

 P.01 - CT primary current

CT primary current.

P.02 - Smallest kvar step

Rated power in kvar of the smallest installed capacitor bank.

Example:  For 10 kvar, set 10.00

 P.03 - Rated capacitor voltage

Rated voltage (nameplate) of the capacitors.

Example: For 460V, set 0460

 P.04 -  Reconnection time

Minimum time needed for the capacitor to discharge and be ready to used again.

Example: For 60 seconds, set 0060

 P.05 - Sensitivity

Power factor regulator PFCS serie

The sensitivity is a coefficient, which consents to adjust the controller tripping speed. A low sensitivity provides for faster adjustments but with a greater number of switchings. With high sensitivity, the adjustment is slower but with fewer switchings.

The sensitivity value corresponds to the time in which the controller is delayed before taking action to a reactive power demand equivalent to the smallest step. For higher power demands, the time will be quicker according to the criteria of inverse proportion.

Example: For 60 s/step, set 060

In this case with the smallest bank of 10kvar (P.02 = 10.0) and a system demanding   20kvar to achieve the set cospφ (Δkvar =20), the controller will attend 60/2 = 30seconds before beginning the capacitor connection procedure (indicated by the flashing AUT LED).

Power factor regulator PFCST serie

The parameter P.05  Sensitivity is used to set the number of subsequent averages, from 1 to 8, that are carried out on the needed reactive power value. Setting this parameter to 1, the device will react immediately, while setting to values from 2 to 8 the regulation is proportionally smoother.

P.06 LED 1...n Step coefficients

The coefficients of the steps represent the power of each step in relation to the smallest capacitor bank, which value is programmed at P.02. If a step has the same power rating of the smallest step, then its coefficient will be 1, while if it is double it will be 2 and so on up to a maximum of 16. By setting 0, the step will be disabled and will never be considered or used by the controller.

The last two steps can be programmed to operate as normal steps or as alarm relay or again as fan control.

If the second last step is linked to a function then the last step cannot be used as a normal step. To select these functions, press - until the following codes are viewed:

noA = Normally open alarm (contact open in absence of alarm)

ncA = Normally closed alarm (contact closed in absence of alarm)

FAn = Fan control

Example: With a PFCS8 installed in a control panel with 6 capacitor banks, respectively 5,10, 20, 20, 20, 20 kvar at rated 460V and needing to use the last step as alarm, the parameters must be programmed as follows:

P.02 = 05.00 (Smallest step = 5kvar)

P.03 = 0460 (Rated voltage 460V)

P.06 LED 1 = 0001 (5 kvar = 1 times P.02)

P.06 LED 2 = 0002 (10 kvar = 2 times P.02)

P.06 LED 3 = 0004 (20 kvar = 4 times P.02)

P.06 LED 4 = 0004 (20 kvar = 4 times P.02)

P.06 LED 5 = 0004 (20 kvar = 4 times P.02)

P.06 LED 6 = 0004 (20 kvar = 4 times P.02)

P.06 LED 7 = noA (Normally open alarm)

 1.9 QUICK SET-UP VIA PC

 For quick set-up via PC, it is necessary to use the apposite setting kit, that includes the PC software and the connection cable. For this  reason all the PFCS models are provided with a communication port in the rear of the enclosure.

All of the parameters are viewed on the PC monitor. The settings can be transmitted and stored with a few simple clicks of the mouse.

In case a number of controllers must be programmed with the same setting, the set-up can be downloaded to a file and then later reused by programming all of the parameters with maximum ease and security.

 1.10 RAPID CT SET-UP

 In circumstances when the CT value is not known and only used at the moment of the installation, the P.01 parameter for CT primary can remain set at OFF while all the others can be programmed.

In this case during the system installation and once the controller is powered up, the display will view a flashing Ct (Current Transformer). By pressing + and -, the CT primary can be directly set.

Once programmed, press MAN/AUT to confirm. The unit will store the setting and directly restart in automatic mode.

 1.11 AUTOMATIC SET-UP (available only on PFCS)

 CAUTION!

Never use if a complete panel has been purchased.

The setting is useful if it is not possible to access the C.T. or else when the characteristics of the capacitor banks are not known.

The automatic set-up of parameters provides for the unit to be set working without programming any parameter.

To activate the automatic set-up, simultaneously press the MODE and MAN/AUT keys for at least 5 seconds.

The wording ASE (Automatic Setup) flashes indicating the automatic setup of the parameters, has been implemented.

The procedure will last a few minutes during which the controller measures the power rating of the connected steps. This measurement will then be continuously updated during the normal operation.

If the load of the system varies frequently, the same step may have to be measured several times. In this case, the procedure may last longer.

At the end of the automatic set-up, the controller is restored for automatic operation.

 IMPORTANT!

It is recommended to avoid substantial current variations during the automatic set-up as much as possible. During this automatic set-up, the controller does not intentionally have particular elements, such as:

Note: After the automatic set-up is terminated, by manually changing the setting of parameters, the controller will implement all the parameter programming. Therefore, all of the measurements and functions will be available once again.

1.12 MEASUREMENT VIEWING AND REQUIRED COSφ SETTING

Normally, the upper display shows the cosφ of the system together with the IND and CAP LEDs. The flashing decimal point indicates the negative quadrants (inverse energy flow). Various measurements can be shown on the lower display, selecting these with the    MODE and SCROLL keys.

Pressing the MODE key, the LEDs of the right-hand column (VOLTAGE, CURRENT, Δkvar, etc.) switch on in sequence and the related measurement is shown on the lower display.

Pressing the SCROLL key, the LEDs of the left-hand column (W, VA, V HARM, etc.) switch on in sequence and the related measurement is shown on the lower display.

An optional function is available for some of the LEDs , indicated on front and viewable by pressing the - key; the LED flashes quickly thereafter.

For some measurements, a second optional function is displayable by pressing the + key.

When the SET COSφ LED switches on, the set-point of the cosφ required can be programmed, using the + and - keys to increase or decrease the value respectively. The cosφ set is shown on the lower display and can be adjusted between 0.80 IND and 0.80 CAP. The capacitive set-point is highlighted by a flashing C in the leftmost digit.

1.13 MAXIMUM VALUES CLEARING

The maximum Voltage, Current, Overload and Temperature values, the average weekly power factor and also harmonic events can be cleared by the user. To clear one value,

select the desired reading, then press the + and - keys atthe same time for 5 seconds. After clearing, the display shows CLr.

 1.14 HARMONIC EVENTS

 A harmonic event is a situation in which the presence of harmonics on the voltage or current exceeds the user-set threshold and this situation persists for a certain time.

The functions menu comprises various specific parameters (P.47, P.48 e P.49) for definition of the tripping values (measurement to be checked, threshold, delay time).

When this situation occurs, the PFCS can log the status of the signals at that specific moment, saving the following data:

The controller is also equipped with a non-volatile memory able to maintain the highest event of each day of the last week, in addition to the highest event ever registered.

Harmonic events can be consulted on the display of the controller only as regards the max value of the measurement and its total duration. To display other data, a PC and specific software are required.

 1.15 OPERATING MODE

 The AUT and MAN LEDs indicate the automatic or manual operating mode. To changing mode, press the MAN/AUT key for at least 1 second.

When the SET COSφ LED is switched on, no mode change is possible.

The operating mode remains stored evenif supply voltage is removed.

 1.16 MANUAL OPERATION

 When the controller is manual mode, one of the steps can be selected and manually connected or disconnected.

If any type of measurement is shown on the lower display, press MODE or SCROLL until the display shows ----.

To select one of the steps, use the + and - keys. The LED of the selected step starts flashing quickly.

Press MODE to connect or disconnect the selected step.

If the reconnection time of the selected step has not elapsed, the MAN LED flashes to indicate the operation has been confirmed and will be conducted in due time.

The manual configuration of the steps is maintained even when voltage is removed. When power returns, the original state of the steps is restored.

 1.17 AUTOMATIC OPERATION

 In automatic mode, the controller calculates the optimum configuration of the reach to achieve the set cosφ value.

The selection criteria take into consideration many variables such as: power of each step, the number of operations, the total time of usage, reconnection time, etc.

The controller displays the imminent connection or disconnection of the step by the AUT LED flashing. The LED flashing can last in cases when the connection of a step is not possible because of the reconnection time (i.e. capacitor discharge time).

 1.18 KEYPAD LOCK

 A function to exclude all modification to operating parameters can be enabled; measurement viewing is still provided in any case.

To lock and unlock the keypad, press and keep MODE key pressed. Then press the + key three times and the - key twice and after that release MODE. The display will view LOC when the keypad is locked and UnL when it is unlocked.

When the lock is enabled, it is not possible to make the following operations:

By attempting to conduct the above operations, the display will view LOC to indicate the locked keypad state.

1.19 ADVANCED MENU SET-UP

With the controller in MAN mode, press the MODE key for at least 5 seconds.

The wording SEt will be viewed to indicate the access to basic menu parameters. At this point, simultaneously press the + and - keys for 5 seconds until Ad.S appears on the display to indicate the access to advanced menu parameters.

 1.20 ADVANCED MENU TABLE OF PARAMETERS

1.21 DESCRIPTION OF ADVANCED MENU PARAMETERS

P.11  - Type of connection

Selects the type of connection which may be:

Type A connection

Standard three-phase connection

Type B connection

Single-phase connection

Type C connection

Complete three-phase connection

Type D connection

Three-phase connection with reading of phase-neutral  voltage on the same phase of the current.

Type E connection

Connection with medium voltage measurement and low voltage phase displacement.

See the wiring diagrams.

 P.12  - CT connection recognition

When set to Automatic, the controller operates in 2 quadrants and at power up the CT current flow will be recognised.

When set to Direct, the controller operates in 4 quadrants and can be used both in normal or co-generation systems. It is however necessary to che

ck the correct CT connection by making sure the decimal point of the cosφ measurement is not flashing with energy import conditions. Contrarily, the CT connections (S1 and S2 terminals) must be inverted or more simply set Inverse.

WARNING! Before disconnecting the S1 andS2 terminals, check that the CT secondary terminals are shorted.

 P.13 - Capacitors rated frequency selection

Automatic selection, fixed 50Hz or fixed 60Hz. The controller perform the mains frequency measurements. Fixed frequency setting is necessary in case of capacitors rated frequency different from the mains.

 P.14 - Step power adjustment (available only on PFCS)

When this function is enabled and during normal operation, the unit provides to automatically measure the set power and modify the operating parameters in case the steps are worn (i.e. make many operations).

Note: When this function is used, the time between the connection of one bank and thenext is 20 seconds.

If the automatic set-up is used, the functionis automatically enabled.

 P.15 - Standard or Band adjustment mode

In Standard mode, the controller adjusts the system cosφ to the set value. In Band mode, the capacitors are connected when the system cosφ is lower than the set value and are disconnected when in capacitive conditions. The Band mode is used to additionally reduce the number of capacitor connections and disconnections.

Note: The Band mode configuration does not consent to capacitive cosφ programming.

P.16 - Standard or Linear connection mode

In Standard mode, the regulator freely selects the steps according to the logic described in the Automatic operation section above. In Linear mode, the steps are connected in progression from left towards right only following the step number and according to the LIFO (Last In First Out) logic. The controller will not connect a step when the system steps are of different ratings and by connecting the next step, theset-point value would be exceeded.

P.17 - Co-generation cosφ set-point

This parameter is programmed when a 4-quadrant operation is needed, that is in conditions when the system is consuming the energy produced. When the parameter is set to OFF, the cosφ set-point is the only one and corresponds to the value programmed with SET COSφ (see page 37). On the other hand, when it is set to a numeric value then the set-points are two: in normal conditions (system consumes mains energy, positive cosφ), the set-point value is considered as programmed by SET COSφ. With co-generation conditions (system produces energy, negative cosφ), it is used as programmed at P.17.

P.18 - Disconnection sensitivity (available only on PFCS)

With this parameter at OFF, the sensitivity value set at P.05 (see basic menu) adjust the reactive speed both during the connection and disconnection phases.

However, if P.18 is set to a different value, the programmed value of P.05 is considered for the connection while the P.18 value for the disconnection of the steps.

P.19 - Step disconnection at change to MAN mode

By enabling this parameter, the connected steps are disconnected in sequence when one changes from AUT to MAN mode. At the end of the disconnection, the normal manual mode function is restored.

P.20 - Capacitor overload alarm threshold

By using this parameter, the tripping threshold of A07 alarm Capacitor Overload can be adjusted. The percentage of current flowing in the capacitors (deduced by the waveform of the phase voltage) is matched up to this threshold. If the threshold value is exceeded, after the delay, the alarm is generated and the steps disconnected.

P.21 - Overload threshold for immediate step disconnection

When the measured overload exceeds thevalue set at P.21, the capacitors are immediately disconnected and the P.21 capacitor overload alarm generated.

Note: The delay time of A07 Capacitor overload alarm operates inversely proportional to the overload entity, compared to the programmed thresholds of P.20 and P.21. When the overload is lower than the P.20 threshold, the alarm will not be generated. When the overload is equal to P.20, the delay time is equal to the one set for the alarm (3 minutes default but can be changed via PC). As the overload increases, the delay time becomes proportionally less until it attains zero once the value set at P.21 is reached.

With P.20 at OFF, there is no tripping until the P.21 value is exceeded and the immediate disconnection of the steps takes place.

With P.21 at OFF, the delay time is also constant.

With P.20 and P.21 both at OFF, the capacitor overload measurement is disabled as well as the A07 alarm.

In these conditions, the display indicates --- instead of the overload measurement. Whenever the capacitor banks are equipped with inductances to prevent harmonic overload, P.20 and P.21 must be at OFF.

P.22 - Overload event counter reset time

Each time an A07 Capacitor overload alarm is generated, the event is registered by an internal counter, which can be consulted by pressing the + key when the OVERLOAD % LED is switched on. The counter indicates the number of capacitor overload events have taken place over the time period defined by P.22. This parameter also defines the number of hours during which the events remain stored. If no event has taken place during the time period, the counter is cleared.

P.23 - Overload alarm reset time

Time period during which the A07 Capacitor overload remains active even though the overload value has decreased below the alarm threshold.

P.24 - Unit of measure for temperature

It defines the unit of measure in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit of the temperature measurement and viewing along with the threshold setting linked to it.

P.25 -Fan start temperature

Sets the temperature above which the fan relay is activated, if any is programmed on the last two steps.

 P.26 - Fan stop temperature

Sets the temperature below which the fan relay is deactivated, if any is programmed onthe last two steps. Cannot be set to a valuehigher than P.25.

 P.27 - Temperature alarm threshold

Sets the temperature above which the alarm A08 Temperature too high is activated.

 1.22 FUNCTIONS MENU SET-UP

 With the controller is MAN mode, press the MODE key continuously for 5 seconds.

The SEt caption is shown on the display to indicate access to the parameters of the basic menu. From this position press SCROLL and + keys at the same time for 5 seconds until FU.S, indicating access to the parameters of the functions menu, is shown on the display.

1.23 FUNCTIONS MENU PARAMETERS TABLE

1.24 DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONS MENU PARAMETERS

 P.41 - VT1 ratio

Specifies the ratio of any VT connected to terminals L1-L2. Refer to the list of wiring diagrams.

 P.42 - VT2 ratio

Specifies the ratio of any VT connected to terminals L1-L3. Used only with D and E type connection. Refer to the list of wiring diagrams.

 P.43 - Programmable input function

Defines the function of the input, terminals 18 and 19.

 P.44 - Second cosφ set-point

Used to set the second cosφ set-point that can be selected using the programmable input. See previous parameter.

 P.45 - Minimum voltage threshold

Defines the tripping threshold for alarm A05 low voltage.

Note: For type D and E connections, this threshold is used in combination with the      phase-to-phase voltage applied to the capacitors.

 P.46 - Maximum voltage threshold

Defines the tripping threshold for A06 alarm high voltage.

Note: For type D and E connections, this threshold is used in combination with the      phase-to-phase voltage applied to the capacitors.

 P.47 - Measurement of harmonic events

Selects the measurement to be monitored for logging of harmonic events.

Possible selections: capacitor current overload, phase-to-phase voltage THD, current THD.

 P.48 - Harmonic event threshold

Defines the threshold to be applied to the measurement selected with the previous parameter.

When the measurement exceeds this threshold, a harmonic event is generated, i.e. both the waveforms (voltage-current) and the harmonic spectrum present at that moment are saved.

P.49 - Harmonic event delay

Harmonic event generation delay time applied to the threshold defined by the previous parameter.

P.50 - RS-232 port protocol

Selects the protocol used on the RS-232 serial port.

Possible selections: the Modbus®RTU (standard) protocol and the Modbus®ASCII protocol, used for applications that use modems.

When using a modem without auto-answer, the A.Ans setting allows to use the           Modbus®ASCII protocol and to answer to an incoming call.

 P.51 - RS-232 serial communication address

Defines the serial address of the controller, used by the Modbus® communication protocol.

 P.52 - RS-232 serial port speed

Selects serial communication speed (baudrate) of the RS-232 serial port.

 P.53 - RS-232 serial port parity

Selects the parity used in serial communication on the RS-232 port.

Possible settings: None, Odd or Even

 P.54 - RS-232 word length

Selects the length of the word (8 bits or 7bits) used in RS-232 serial communication.

Note: This parameter can be set to 7 bits only when the Modbus®ASCII communication protocol has been selected.

 P.55 - RS-485 port protocol

Selects the protocol used on the RS-485 serial port.

Possible selections: the Modbus®RTU (standard) protocol and the Modbus®ASCII protocol, used for applications that use modems.

 P.56 - RS-485  serial communication address

Defines the serial address of the controller, used by the Modbus® communication protocol.

 P.57 - RS-485 serial port speed

Selects serial communication speed (baudrate) of the RS-485 serial port.

 P.58 - RS-485 serial port parity

Selects the parity used in serial communication on the RS-485 port.

Possible settings: None, Odd or Even.

 P.59 - RS-485 word length

Selects the length of the word (8 bits or 7bits) used in RS-485 serial communication.

Note:This parameter can be set to 7 bits only when the Modbus®ASCII communication protocol has been selected.

1.25 ALARMS

When the controller detects an abnormal siutation in the system, a flashing alarm code is displayed. By pressing any key, the alarm viewing will be momentarily ignored to permit the user to check all the measurements. If no key is pushed for 30 seconds and the alarm conditions persist, the alarm code will be displayed once again.

Each alarm can cause diverse results such as the alarm relay tripping, the delayed or immediate step disconnection, etc., according to the programmed property.

The property of each alarm can be changed (e.g. disabled, change the delay time or result), by using a PC and the relative software, used for the quick parameter set-up.

The following table indicates the alarm codes and the relative meaning of each along with the default  setting.

 Note:

None of the above-indicated alarms are non-volatile.

In MAN mode the steps disconnection take splace in case of the A09 - No voltage release alarm only.

 A01 - Under compensation

Capacitors are all connected and cosφ is lower than the set-point value.

 A02 - Over compensation

All capacitors are disconnected and cosφ is higher than the set-point value.

 A03 - Low current

Current value is 2.5% lower than end-scale value. In automatic, the capacitors are disconnected after 2 minutes of the alarm activation.

A04 - High current

Current value is 120% higher than end-scale value.

A05 - Low voltage

Voltage below the threshold set (see P.45 Functions setup) or below the minimum measurement level.

A06 - High voltage

Voltage above the threshold set (see P.46 Functions setup).

A07 - Capacitor overload

Current value flowing in the capacitors is higher than the set threshold (refer to P.20 and P.21 of Advanced setup).

A08 - Overtemperature

The temperature of the electrical cabinet is above the threshold set (P.27 Advanced setup).

A09 - No-voltage release

More than 8ms interruption of the measurement voltage or auxiliary voltage.

A10 - Harmonic event

A harmonic event with a value above the threshold set has been saved (see Functions setup P.47, P.48 and P.49).

A11 - External alarm

Alarm caused by activation of the contact connected to the programmable input.

1.26 DIAGNOSTIC MESSAGES

In case of wiring problems, the display shows the diagnostic messages shown in the following table:

1.29 PC-PFCS CONNECTION THROUGH RS485 INTERFACE

Note: The connection to the TR terminal is to bedone only on the last device (the most distant on the RS485 bus).

 1.30 PC-PFCS CONNECTION THROUGH RS232 NTERFACE

1.31 EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS AND PANEL CUT-OUT